The Shaping Of Western Civilization Michael Burger Pdf
Introduction
The Shaping of Western Civilization is a comprehensive book written by Michael Burger, a professor of history at Auburn University in Alabama. The book covers the history of Western Civilization from the ancient world to the present day. This book is widely used as a textbook in college courses and is highly regarded for its in-depth analysis and comprehensive coverage of Western Civilization.
Overview
The book is divided into seven parts, each covering a different period in Western history. The first part covers the ancient world, including Greece and Rome. The second part covers the Middle Ages, including the rise of Christianity and the feudal system. The third part covers the Renaissance and Reformation, including the rise of humanism and the Protestant Reformation. The fourth part covers the Age of Enlightenment, including the rise of science and reason. The fifth part covers the Industrial Revolution and the rise of nationalism. The sixth part covers the two World Wars and the Cold War. The seventh and final part covers the present day.
Ancient World
The ancient world is considered the foundation of Western Civilization. The Greeks and Romans made significant contributions to philosophy, politics, art, and science. The ancient Greeks invented democracy and made significant contributions to philosophy, including the works of Plato and Aristotle. The Romans created a vast empire and developed the legal system that still influences Western law today.
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages were a period of significant change in Western Europe. The rise of Christianity and the feudal system created a new social and political order. The Catholic Church became the dominant institution in Western Europe, and the Crusades were launched to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslim rule.
Renaissance and Reformation
The Renaissance was a period of cultural and intellectual rebirth. The rise of humanism led to a renewed interest in classical learning and the arts. The Reformation was a movement that challenged the authority of the Catholic Church and led to the creation of Protestantism.
Age of Enlightenment
The Age of Enlightenment was a period of intellectual and cultural growth. The scientific revolution challenged traditional beliefs and led to the rise of reason and science. The Enlightenment also led to the development of modern political theory, including the ideas of democracy and individual rights.
Industrial Revolution and Nationalism
The Industrial Revolution was a period of significant change in Western Europe. The rise of industry and technology transformed the economy and society. Nationalism also emerged during this period, with the rise of nation-states and the emphasis on national identity.
World Wars and Cold War
The two World Wars had a significant impact on Western Civilization. The First World War shattered the optimism and confidence of the pre-war era. The Second World War was even more devastating, with the Holocaust and the use of atomic weapons. The Cold War was a period of tension between the United States and the Soviet Union, which threatened to escalate into a nuclear war.
Present Day
The present day is marked by globalization and the rise of technology. The internet has transformed communication and commerce. Western Civilization is facing new challenges, including climate change, terrorism, and political polarization.
Conclusion
The Shaping of Western Civilization by Michael Burger is a comprehensive and insightful book that covers the history of Western Civilization from the ancient world to the present day. This book is highly recommended for anyone interested in the history of Western Civilization.